TNL

The Scarlet Plague (Chapter I)

by Jack London

Illustrated by Gordon Grant

Introduction

Jack London
Jack London
Year Unknown

In preparing a biography of Jack London, one finds tremendous disparity in accounts of his life. According to some sources, he is portrayed as a sort of Horatio Alger figure who rose above a childhood of poverty to become one of America's most famous authors. Other accounts suggest that he was simply a bright, but footloose, adventurer who found in writing a way to finance a lifestyle that would provide a high standard of living and accommodate his desire to travel. Still others paint him as a larger than life character who could easily fit into many of his fictional works.

Whichever version of London the reader wishes to choose, the one fact that all the sources agree upon is that Jack London was born in San Francisco, California on January 12, 1876. His mother was Flora Wellman, a spiritualist and holder of seances, who gave birth to young Jack out of wedlock. His father is a bit more steeped in mystery. Some sources suggest that Flora married John London shortly after Jack's birth, while others credit him as the father. The possibility exists that Jack's father was one William Henry Chaney, an astrologer, but this information wasn't revealed to Jack until he was 20 years old and when contacted by Jack, Chaney denied the paternity. Further confusion exists about London's early years. His mother was reportedly from a well-to-do Eastern family and, apparently had money, since much of young Jack's upbringing was entrusted to a nurse: Virginia Prentiss. John London, however, could never seem to find steady employment, and this may be what causes the belief that the family lived in near poverty. It is known that the family moved numerous times around San Francisco and Oakland in the early years (to accommodate whatever work John was pursuing) and that Jack's education was quite fragmented as a result. In fact, it wouldn't be a stretch to suggest that young Jack was primarily self-taught, since he discovered the public library at an early age and became a voracious reader. Whatever the actual circumstances, it is known that Jack worked a number of odd jobs up through his early teens and that he developed a life-long love of the sea from time spent around the Oakland waterfront.

By the age of 16, London had borrowed enough money to buy a boat and embarked on a short career as an oyster pirate: a raider of the Southern Pacific Railroad's oyster beds around Oakland. A short brush with the law caused him to change sides, but working for the shore patrol did not appeal to him and he signed on for a seven month stint on a seal boat, traveling up into the Northern Pacific. Upon his return, he tried work in a cannery and as a coal stoker, but physical labor was taxing and he found himself intellectually bored. A period of unemployment in 1894 led him to attempt to join the Populist march on Washington by Coxey's Army (here is a quick reference, but as with all things Wikipedia, it may, or may not be accurate: Coxey's Army). London found, however, that the life of a hobo was more to his liking than marching, never made it to Washington, and traveled around the East for some time until he was arrested for vagrancy and sentenced to one month in prison.

The time in prison proved a turning point for London. First, he became a believer in the cause of Socialism. Second, he decided that he would never again make his living through manual labor, but would, instead, use his brain and become writer. After his release, he hurried back to California and returned to Oakland High School to prepare for his college entrance exams. His first published works appeared during this period in the school magazine, The Aegis. In 1896, he was accepted to UC Berkeley, but only stayed for one semester and attempted to make inroads as a writer before lack of sales forced him back into the labor force.

The summer of 1897 found London traveling to Alaska in an attempt to cash in on the Yukon gold rush. He stayed in Alaska for a year, found no gold (partially due to illness), but returned with sketches and ideas for stories that, along with his other remarkable early experiences, would form the basis for his later work. Slowly, he found some small acceptance for his work in Overland Monthly and Atlantic Monthly. Eventually, Houghton, Mifflin published his first collection of Alaskan stories, The Son of the Wolf in 1900. More magazine and book collections followed. In 1903 the Call of the Wild was published, establishing London as a major author. Through a steady work ethic (he attempted to write 1,000 words every day) London was able to write 50 books, numerous articles and short stories during his lifetime. He also acted as his own business manager and editor. All of this translated into what many would consider success, as London was the first American author to become a millionaire through his writing alone and he was able to enjoy a lavish lifestyle as a result of his efforts.

Jack and Charmian London
Jack and Charmian London circa 1911, possibly at Beauty Ranch.

Professional success, however, did not translate into personal comfort. His first marriage to Elisabeth Maddern in 1900 was a continual series of battles and, after fathering two daughters, London abandoned the union in 1903. He was subject to periods of depression, bouts of drinking and had a number of health related problems. Although his marriage in 1905 to Charmian Kittredge seemed to improve his outlook a bit, the couple began to spend beyond their income, first on a custom yacht (a planned trip around the world was cut short) and later, on their Northern California property, known as Beauty Ranch.

In order to keep things together, London only worked harder, causing an even greater strain on his health; reportedly sleeping only 4 or 5 hours a night. His writing suffered as well and at one point, London even stooped to buying plots from unknown authors (one rumored to be a young Sinclair Lewis) in order to meet his contractual obligations and financial needs. Soon, his digestive system began to rebel, followed by his kidneys and he began to show symptoms of rheumatism. The use of pain-killing drugs was prescribed and even though his doctors urged him to change his lifestyle, improve his diet and stop drinking, London continued on at full bore. On November 22, 1916, Jack London died from what his doctor listed on the death certificate as "gastro-intestinal uremia", which would usually mean kidney failure, although he had also taken a large dose of morphine shortly before his death, which has often led to the speculation that he committed suicide. He was only 40 years old.

The Scarlet Plague Macmillan Edition, 1915
The Scarlet Plague
MacMillan Edition, 1915

The fiction of Jack London is not usually associated with the realms of speculative, or even science, fiction since his works are normally concerned with nature and adventure. Yet, even as early as 1908 with the novel, The Iron Heel, London created a work of speculative fiction that portrayed a possible future. The Star Rover, which appeared in the same year as The Scarlet Plague contains threads of both fantasy and science fiction in its prison setting and the posthumously published short story "The Red One" has a hint of science fiction at its core. Rather than being anomalies in the author's output, these creations seem to show that London was in touch with what was going on in the work of other authors of his day and, possibly, suggests a direction he might have explored more fully had he lived longer.

By the late 1800s, the work of Jules Verne was making its way into English translations and the stories and novels of H. G. Wells was appearing on both sides of the Atlantic as well. The San Francisco area had a number of authors who were known for their speculative/science fiction works (Robert Duncan Milne among them) and their work appeared in Bay area newspapers and magazines, including the San Francisco Examiner. Fantasy and borderline science fiction works had even appeared in the Overland Monthly, the same magazine that accepted some of London's early work. Ambrose Bierce was known for dabbling in the fantastic with stories like "An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" and it was also during London's lifetime that Edgar Rice Burroughs produced the seminal interplanetary science fantasy, A Princess of Mars (1912) (which can be found in its entirety here on The Nostalgia League website: A Princess of Mars).

Famous Fantastic Mysteries February 1949
Famous Fantastic Mysteries
February, 1949
Cover by Lawrence Sterne Stevens

Most likely The Scarlet Plague would have long ago been relegated to a shelf of author curiosities since London's vision of future technology is not as far reaching as some of his contemporaries (hence, I don't consider the work to be science fiction). Yet, as a work of speculative fiction, London's novel is (was) eerily prophetic. Within 3 years of the 1915 publication of The Scarlet Plague, the Flu Pandemic of 1918-1919 began. The Flu killed quickly, though not as quickly as portrayed in London's novel, and manifested itself in people in the prime of life, rather than the young and the old, the usual causalties of influenza. Although exact figures will never be truly known, it is estimated that 675,000 victims died in the US and that between 30-40 million people perished worldwide: nearly 2% of the entire world population. Obviously, London was onto something...

Many of the themes and ideas found in The Scarlet Plague can also be found in the works of later authors. The end of civilization from disease is the starting point for Stephen King's The Stand and many other stories and novels too numerous to mention. The desire of London's narrator to rebuild civilization, while a part of The Stand, is very much central to George Stewart's Earth Abides. That society would descend to a more barbaric state is found in William Golding's Lord of the Flies and some of the socialist themes that London inserts into the work seem to be similar to those found in both the H. G. Wells screenplay for Things to Come and L. Ron Hubbard's Final Blackout.

Whether The Scarlet Plague is an insightful work of speculative fiction, an early attempt at science fiction or simply a curiosity is ultimately up to you, and this is a decision you cannot make until you read the novel. I hope you enjoy it.

Bob Gay
June, 2008
Introduction © 2008 by Bob Gay

(Editor's Note: This edition of The Scarlet Plague is taken from the 1915 MacMillan edition by way of Project Gutenberg, where we also obtained the illustrations by Gordon Grant. We have tried to clean up the images as best we can to take out the darkening of the paper stock of the original scans while attempting to retain as much of Grant's linework as possible. We have also taken the liberty of shrinking the illustrations to better fit the page layout. In both these endeavors, we beg the reader's indulgence.)


frontispiece-All the World seemed wrapped in flames
I

The way led along upon what had once been the embankment of a railroad. But no train had run upon it for many years. The forest on either side swelled up the slopes of the embankment and crested across it in a green wave of trees and bushes. The trail was as narrow as a man's body, and was no more than a wild-animal runway. Occasionally, a piece of rusty iron, showing through the forest-mould, advertised that the rail and the ties still remained. In one place, a ten-inch tree, bursting through at a connection, had lifted the end of a rail clearly into view. The tie had evidently followed the rail, held to it by the spike long enough for its bed to be filled with gravel and rotten leaves, so that now the crumbling, rotten timber thrust itself up at a curious slant. Old as the road was, it was manifest that it had been of the mono-rail type.

An old man and a boy travelled along this runway. They moved slowly, for the old man was very old, a touch of palsy made his movements tremulous, and he leaned heavily upon his staff. A rude skull-cap of goat-skin protected his head from the sun. From beneath this fell a scant fringe of stained and dirty-white hair. A visor, ingeniously made from a large leaf, shielded his eyes, and from under this he peered at the way of his feet on the trail. His beard, which should have been snow-white but which showed the same weather-wear and camp-stain as his hair, fell nearly to his waist in a great tangled mass. About his chest and shoulders hung a single, mangy garment of goat-skin. His arms and legs, withered and skinny, betokened extreme age, as well as did their sunburn and scars and scratches betoken long years of exposure to the elements.

The boy, who led the way, checking the eagerness of his muscles to the slow progress of the elder, likewise wore a single garment—a ragged-edged piece of bear-skin, with a hole in the middle through which he had thrust his head. He could not have been more than twelve years old. Tucked coquettishly over one ear was the freshly severed tail of a pig. In one hand he carried a medium-sized bow and an arrow.

On his back was a quiverful of arrows. From a sheath hanging about his neck on a thong, projected the battered handle of a hunting knife. He was as brown as a berry, and walked softly, with almost a catlike tread. In marked contrast with his sunburned skin were his eyes—blue, deep blue, but keen and sharp as a pair of gimlets. They seemed to bore into aft about him in a way that was habitual. As he went along he smelled things, as well, his distended, quivering nostrils carrying to his brain an endless series of messages from the outside world. Also, his hearing was acute, and had been so trained that it operated automatically. Without conscious effort, he heard all the slight sounds in the apparent quiet—heard, and differentiated, and classified these sounds—whether they were of the wind rustling the leaves, of the humming of bees and gnats, of the distant rumble of the sea that drifted to him only in lulls, or of the gopher, just under his foot, shoving a pouchful of earth into the entrance of his hole.

Slowly he pulled the bowstring taut

Suddenly he became alertly tense. Sound, sight, and odor had given him a simultaneous warning. His hand went back to the old man, touching him, and the pair stood still. Ahead, at one side of the top of the embankment, arose a crackling sound, and the boy's gaze was fixed on the tops of the agitated bushes. Then a large bear, a grizzly, crashed into view, and likewise stopped abruptly, at sight of the humans. He did not like them, and growled querulously. Slowly the boy fitted the arrow to the bow, and slowly he pulled the bowstring taut. But he never removed his eyes from the bear.

The old man peered from under his green leaf at the danger, and stood as quietly as the boy. For a few seconds this mutual scrutinizing went on; then, the bear betraying a growing irritability, the boy, with a movement of his head, indicated that the old man must step aside from the trail and go down the embankment. The boy followed, going backward, still holding the bow taut and ready. They waited till a crashing among the bushes from the opposite side of the embankment told them the bear had gone on. The boy grinned as he led back to the trail.

"A big un, Granser," he chuckled.

The old man shook his head.

"They get thicker every day," he complained in a thin, undependable falsetto. "Who'd have thought I'd live to see the time when a man would be afraid of his life on the way to the Cliff House. When I was a boy, Edwin, men and women and little babies used to come out here from San Francisco by tens of thousands on a nice day. And there weren't any bears then. No, sir. They used to pay money to look at them in cages, they were that rare."

"What is money, Granser?"

Before the old man could answer, the boy recollected and triumphantly shoved his hand into a pouch under his bear-skin and pulled forth a battered and tarnished silver dollar. The old man's eyes glistened, as he held the coin close to them.

"I can't see," he muttered. "You look and see if you can make out the date, Edwin."

The boy laughed.

"You're a great Granser," he cried delightedly, "always making believe them little marks mean something."

The old man manifested an accustomed chagrin as he brought the coin back again close to his own eyes.

"2012," he shrilled, and then fell to cackling grotesquely. "That was the year Morgan the Fifth was appointed President of the United States by the Board of Magnates. It must have been one of the last coins minted, for the Scarlet Death came in 2013. Lord! Lord!—think of it! Sixty years ago, and I am the only person alive to-day that lived in those times. Where did you find it, Edwin?"

The boy, who had been regarding him with the tolerant curiousness one accords to the prattlings of the feeble-minded, answered promptly.

"I got it off of Hoo-Hoo. He found it when we was herdin' goats down near San José last spring. Hoo-Hoo said it was money. Ain't you hungry, Granser?"

The ancient caught his staff in a tighter grip and urged along the trail, his old eyes shining greedily.

"I hope Har-Lip 's found a crab... or two," he mumbled. "They're good eating, crabs, mighty good eating when you've no more teeth and you've got grandsons that love their old grandsire and make a point of catching crabs for him. When I was a boy—"

...turned it over to Granser...

But Edwin, suddenly stopped by what he saw, was drawing the bowstring on a fitted arrow. He had paused on the brink of a crevasse in the embankment. An ancient culvert had here washed out, and the stream, no longer confined, had cut a passage through the fill. On the opposite side, the end of a rail projected and overhung. It showed rustily through the creeping vines which overran it. Beyond, crouching by a bush, a rabbit looked across at him in trembling hesitancy. Fully fifty feet was the distance, but the arrow flashed true; and the transfixed rabbit, crying out in sudden fright and hurt, struggled painfully away into the brush. The boy himself was a flash of brown skin and flying fur as he bounded down the steep wall of the gap and up the other side. His lean muscles were springs of steel that released into graceful and efficient action. A hundred feet beyond, in a tangle of bushes, he overtook the wounded creature, knocked its head on a convenient tree-trunk, and turned it over to Granser to carry.

"Rabbit is good, very good," the ancient quavered, "but when it comes to a toothsome delicacy I prefer crab. When I was a boy—"

"Why do you say so much that ain't got no sense?" Edwin impatiently interrupted the other's threatened garrulousness.

The boy did not exactly utter these words, but something that remotely resembled them and that was more guttural and explosive and economical of qualifying phrases. His speech showed distant kinship with that of the old man, and the latter's speech was approximately an English that had gone through a bath of corrupt usage.

"What I want to know," Edwin continued, "is why you call crab 'toothsome delicacy'? Crab is crab, ain't it? No one I never heard calls it such funny things."

The old man sighed but did not answer, and they moved on in silence. The surf grew suddenly louder, as they emerged from the forest upon a stretch of sand dunes bordering the sea. A few goats were browsing among the sandy hillocks, and a skin-clad boy, aided by a wolfish-looking dog that was only faintly reminiscent of a collie, was watching them. Mingled with the roar of the surf was a continuous, deep-throated barking or bellowing, which came from a cluster of jagged rocks a hundred yards out from shore. Here huge sea-lions hauled themselves up to lie in the sun or battle with one another. In the immediate foreground arose the smoke of a fire, tended by a third savage-looking boy. Crouched near him were several wolfish dogs similar to the one that guarded the goats.

The old man accelerated his pace, sniffing eagerly as he neared the fire.

"Mussels!" he muttered ecstatically. "Mussels! And ain't that a crab, Hoo-Hoo? Ain't that a crab? My, my, you boys are good to your old grandsire."

Hoo-Hoo, who was apparently of the same age as Edwin, grinned.

"All you want, Granser. I got four."

The old man's palsied eagerness was pitiful. Sitting down in the sand as quickly as his stiff limbs would let him, he poked a large rock-mussel from out of the coals. The heat had forced its shells apart, and the meat, salmon-colored, was thoroughly cooked. Between thumb and forefinger, in trembling haste, he caught the morsel and carried it to his mouth. But it was too hot, and the next moment was violently ejected. The old man spluttered with the pain, and tears ran out of his eyes and down his cheeks.

The boys were true savages, possessing only the cruel humor of the savage. To them the incident was excruciatingly funny, and they burst into loud laughter. Hoo-Hoo danced up and down, while Edwin rolled gleefully on the ground. The boy with the goats came running to join in the fun.

"Set 'em to cool, Edwin, set 'em to cool," the old man besought, in the midst of his grief, making no attempt to wipe away the tears that still flowed from his eyes. "And cool a crab, Edwin, too. You know your grandsire likes crabs."

From the coals arose a great sizzling, which proceeded from the many mussels bursting open their shells and exuding their moisture. They were large shellfish, running from three to six inches in length. The boys raked them out with sticks and placed them on a large piece of driftwood to cool.

"When I was a boy, we did not laugh at our elders; we respected them."

The boys took no notice, and Granser continued to babble an incoherent flow of complaint and censure. But this time he was more careful, and did not burn his mouth. All began to eat, using nothing but their hands and making loud mouth-noises and lip-smackings. The third boy, who was called Hare-Lip, slyly deposited a pinch of sand on a mussel the ancient was carrying to his mouth; and when the grit of it bit into the old fellow's mucous membrane and gums, the laughter was again uproarious. He was unaware that a joke had been played on him, and spluttered and spat until Edwin, relenting, gave him a gourd of fresh water with which to wash out his mouth.

"Where's them crabs, Hoo-Hoo?" Edwin demanded. "Granser's set upon having a snack."

Again Granser's eyes burned with greediness as a large crab was handed to him. It was a shell with legs and all complete, but the meat had long since departed. With shaky fingers and babblings of anticipation, the old man broke off a leg and found it filled with emptiness.

"The crabs, Hoo-Hoo?" he wailed. "The crabs?"

"I was fooling Granser. They ain't no crabs! I never found one."

This attracted the Old Man's Nostrils

The boys were overwhelmed with delight at sight of the tears of senile disappointment that dribbled down the old man's cheeks. Then, unnoticed, Hoo-Hoo replaced the empty shell with a fresh-cooked crab. Already dismembered, from the cracked legs the white meat sent forth a small cloud of savory steam. This attracted the old man's nostrils, and he looked down in amazement.

The change of his mood to one of joy was immediate. He snuffled and muttered and mumbled, making almost a croon of delight, as he began to eat. Of this the boys took little notice, for it was an accustomed spectacle. Nor did they notice his occasional exclamations and utterances of phrases which meant nothing to them, as, for instance, when he smacked his lips and champed his gums while muttering: "Mayonnaise! Just think—mayonnaise! And it's sixty years since the last was ever made! Two generations and never a smell of it! Why, in those days it was served in every restaurant with crab."

When he could eat no more, the old man sighed, wiped his hands on his naked legs, and gazed out over the sea. With the content of a full stomach, he waxed reminiscent.

"To think of it! I've seen this beach alive with men, women, and children on a pleasant Sunday. And there weren't any bears to eat them up, either. And right up there on the cliff was a big restaurant where you could get anything you wanted to eat. Four million people lived in San Francisco then. And now, in the whole city and county there aren't forty all told. And out there on the sea were ships and ships always to be seen, going in for the Golden Gate or coming out. And airships in the air—dirigibles and flying machines. They could travel two hundred miles an hour. The mail contracts with the New York and San Francisco Limited demanded that for the minimum. There was a chap, a Frenchman, I forget his name, who succeeded in making three hundred; but the thing was risky, too risky for conservative persons. But he was on the right clew, and he would have managed it if it hadn't been for the Great Plague. When I was a boy, there were men alive who remembered the coming of the first aeroplanes, and now I have lived to see the last of them, and that sixty years ago."

The old man babbled on, unheeded by the boys, who were long accustomed to his garrulousness, and whose vocabularies, besides, lacked the greater portion of the words he used. It was noticeable that in these rambling soliloquies his English seemed to recrudesce into better construction and phraseology. But when he talked directly with the boys it lapsed, largely, into their own uncouth and simpler forms.

"But there weren't many crabs in those days," the old man wandered on. "They were fished out, and they were great delicacies. The open season was only a month long, too. And now crabs are accessible the whole year around. Think of it—catching all the crabs you want, any time you want, in the surf of the Cliff House beach!"

With a sling such as David carried

A sudden commotion among the goats brought the boys to their feet. The dogs about the fire rushed to join their snarling fellow who guarded the goats, while the goats themselves stampeded in the direction of their human protectors. A half dozen forms, lean and gray, glided about on the sand hillocks and faced the bristling dogs. Edwin arched an arrow that fell short. But Hare-Lip, with a sling such as David carried into battle against Goliath, hurled a stone through the air that whistled from the speed of its flight. It fell squarely among the wolves and caused them to slink away toward the dark depths of the eucalyptus forest.

The boys laughed and lay down again in the sand, while Granser sighed ponderously. He had eaten too much, and, with hands clasped on his paunch, the fingers interlaced, he resumed his maunderings.

"'The fleeting systems lapse like foam,'" he mumbled what was evidently a quotation. "That's it—foam, and fleeting. All man's toil upon the planet was just so much foam. He domesticated the serviceable animals, destroyed the hostile ones, and cleared the land of its wild vegetation. And then he passed, and the flood of primordial life rolled back again, sweeping his handiwork away—the weeds and the forest inundated his fields, the beasts of prey swept over his flocks, and now there are wolves on the Cliff House beach." He was appalled by the thought. "Where four million people disported themselves, the wild wolves roam to-day, and the savage progeny of our loins, with prehistoric weapons, defend themselves against the fanged despoilers. Think of it! And all because of the Scarlet Death—"

The adjective had caught Hare-Lip's ear.

"He's always saying that," he said to Edwin. "What is scarlet?"

"'The scarlet of the maples can shake me like the cry of bugles going by,'" the old man quoted.

"It's red," Edwin answered the question. "And you don't know it because you come from the Chauffeur Tribe. They never did know nothing, none of them. Scarlet is red—I know that."

"Red is red, ain't it?" Hare-Lip grumbled. "Then what's the good of gettin' cocky and calling it scarlet?"

"Granser, what for do you always say so much what nobody knows?" he asked. "Scarlet ain't anything, but red is red. Why don't you say red, then?"

"Red is not the right word," was the reply. "The plague was scarlet. The whole face and body turned scarlet in an hour's time. Don't I know? Didn't I see enough of it? And I am telling you it was scarlet because—well, because it was scarlet. There is no other word for it."

"Red is good enough for me," Hare-Lip muttered obstinately. "My dad calls red red, and he ought to know. He says everybody died of the Red Death."

"Your dad is a common fellow, descended from a common fellow," Granser retorted heatedly. "Don't I know the beginnings of the Chauffeurs? Your grandsire was a chauffeur, a servant, and without education. He worked for other persons. But your grandmother was of good stock, only the children did not take after her. Don't I remember when I first met them, catching fish at Lake Temescal?"

"What is education?" Edwin asked.

"Calling red scarlet," Hare-Lip sneered, then returned to the attack on Granser. "My dad told me, an' he got it from his dad afore he croaked, that your wife was a Santa Rosan, an' that she was sure no account. He said she was a hash-slinger before the Red Death, though I don't know what a hash-slinger is. You can tell me, Edwin."

But Edwin shook his head in token of ignorance.

"It is true, she was a waitress," Granser acknowledged. "But she was a good woman, and your mother was her daughter. Women were very scarce in the days after the Plague. She was the only wife I could find, even if she was a hash-slinger, as your father calls it. But it is not nice to talk about our progenitors that way."

"Dad says that the wife of the first Chauffeur was a lady—"

"What's a lady?" Hoo-Hoo demanded.

"A lady's a Chauffeur squaw," was the quick reply of Hare-Lip.

"The first Chauffeur was Bill, a common fellow, as I said before," the old man expounded; "but his wife was a lady, a great lady. Before the Scarlet Death she was the wife of Van Worden. He was President of the Board of Industrial Magnates, and was one of the dozen men who ruled America. He was worth one billion, eight hundred millions of dollars—coins like you have there in your pouch, Edwin. And then came the Scarlet Death, and his wife became the wife of Bill, the first Chauffeur. He used to beat her, too. I have seen it myself."

Hoo-Hoo, lying on his stomach and idly digging his toes in the sand, cried out and investigated, first, his toe-nail, and next, the small hole he had dug. The other two boys joined him, excavating the sand rapidly with their hands till there lay three skeletons exposed. Two were of adults, the third being that of a part-grown child. The old man hudged along on the ground and peered at the find.

"Plague victims," he announced. "That's the way they died everywhere in the last days. This must have been a family, running away from the contagion and perishing here on the Cliff House beach. They—what are you doing, Edwin?"

This question was asked in sudden dismay, as Edwin, using the back of his hunting knife, began to knock out the teeth from the jaws of one of the skulls.

"Going to string 'em," was the response.

The three boys were now hard at it; and quite a knocking and hammering arose, in which Granser babbled on unnoticed.

"You are true savages. Already has begun the custom of wearing human teeth. In another generation you will be perforating your noses and ears and wearing ornaments of bone and shell. I know. The human race is doomed to sink back farther and farther into the primitive night ere again it begins its bloody climb upward to civilization. When we increase and feel the lack of room, we will proceed to kill one another. And then I suppose you will wear human scalp-locks at your waist, as well—as you, Edwin, who are the gentlest of my grandsons, have already begun with that vile pigtail. Throw it away, Edwin, boy; throw it away."

"What a gabble the old geezer makes," Hare-Lip remarked, when, the teeth all extracted, they began an attempt at equal division.

They were very quick and abrupt in their actions, and their speech, in moments of hot discussion over the allotment of the choicer teeth, was truly a gabble. They spoke in monosyllables and short jerky sentences that was more a gibberish than a language. And yet, through it ran hints of grammatical construction, and appeared vestiges of the conjugation of some superior culture. Even the speech of Granser was so corrupt that were it put down literally it would be almost so much nonsense to the reader. This, however, was when he talked with the boys.

When he got into the full swing of babbling to himself, it slowly purged itself into pure English. The sentences grew longer and were enunciated with a rhythm and ease that was reminiscent of the lecture platform.

"Tell us about the Red Death, Granser," Hare-Lip demanded, when the teeth affair had been satisfactorily concluded.

"The Scarlet Death," Edwin corrected.

"An' don't work all that funny lingo on us," Hare-Lip went on. "Talk sensible, Granser, like a Santa Rosan ought to talk. Other Santa Rosans don't talk like you."

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